- siblings, brothers & sisters
- hurt, damage, injure...
- jump, leap...
- quit, abandon, go away from, leave, exit from...
- happyness, joy, cheerfulness
- happy, glad, delighted, merry, pleased, joyfull, cheerful
- thrilled, excited
- smart, brilant, clever, intelligent, brilant, ingeniuous
- immense, huge, gigantic, enourmous
- tiny, microscopic...
- beaufitul, handsome, attractive, good-looking, appealing...
- pleasant, pleasing, nice, enjoyable, satisfying, gratifying...
- weapons, arms
- murder, assassination (in particular circumstances)
- due to, because of, as a result of
- despiste, in spite of
- set off, set out, leave, depart
- allow, let, authorise, permit, enable
- forbid, prohibit
- permission, approval, licence, agreement
- prevent, stop
- sick, ill, unwell, bad, indisposed
- sickness, illness, disease, disorder
- get along with, have a good relationship with, go hand in hand with, be in harmony
- succeed, do well, prosper, achieve success, thrive, flourish...
- succeed in, manage to, make do..
- deal with, cope with, see to, be in charge of, handle...
- contest, tournament, game, match, competition...
- take place, happen, occur...
- autumn, fall (US)
- get together, gathering...
- bonfire, campfire, fire...
- friend, colleage, pal, partner...
- improve, make better, ameliorate, upgrade, thrive, boost, enhace, refine...
- increase, grow, get larger, get bigger, enlarger, expand, swell, rise...
- raise, lift, elevate, put up....
- customary, traditional
- custom, tradition
- roots, origins
- client, customer
- parade, procession
- present, gift
- suitable, appropriate
- large, big
- display, exhibition
- wonderful, great,
- incredible, amazing
- festivity, celebration
- way of life, lifystyle
- take part, participe
- annoy, bother
- meaningfull, significant
- travel, journey, trip, tour
- break, holiday, rest, time off, sabatical time...
- candies, sweets, goodies, treats
- proof, demonstration, evidence
- spectacle, show
- journalist, reporter*, news correspondent
My English Corner for 4th ESO
Thursday, 27 March 2025
Synonyms
Saturday, 8 February 2025
The Past Perfect Tense
Understanding Past Perfect Tense
The Past Perfect Tense is used to show that an action was completed before another action in the past. It is often used to clarify the order of events.
Formation of Past Perfect Tense
To form the Past Perfect Tense, combine the auxiliary verb “had” with the past participle of the main verb. The structure follows this pattern:
Subject + had + past participle
For example:
- I had eaten
- They had gone
Negative sentences use “had not” or “hadn’t”:
- She had not finished
- We hadn’t seen
Questions invert the subject and “had”:
- Had you left?
- Had they arrived?
The past perfect is the same for all the persons.
- I/you/he/she/it/we/they had left when I arrived.
We can contract had to ‘d.
- I called him, but he’d gone to a meeting.
Examples of Past Perfect Tense
Examples make the use of Past Perfect Tense clear.
- By the time she arrived, I had already left.
- He had finished his homework before the movie started.
- They had lived in Paris before moving to London.
Tabs for better clarity:
Sentence | Explanation |
---|---|
By the time she arrived, I had left. | Action 1: I left. Action 2: She arrived. Action 1 happened earlier. |
He had finished before it started. | Action 1: He finished. Action 2: It started. Action 1 happened earlier. |
Past Perfect Tense helps make the sequence of past actions clear.
Usage of Past Perfect Tense
The past perfect tense is useful for indicating that one action was completed before another action in the past. It can show cause and effect as well as sequential events clearly.
- Indicating Completed Actions
The past perfect tense is used to show that an action was finished before another past action started.
For example, “She had finished her homework before she went out to play.” The first action (finishing homework) was completed before the second action (going out to play).
This tense helps to create a clear timeline of events.
- Showing Cause and Effect
This tense can also illustrate cause and effect.
For instance, “They were hungry because they had not eaten all day.” Here, the reason for being hungry (cause) is clear because of the past perfect tense used for the action of not eating (effect).
It makes relationships between actions easy to understand.
- Describing Sequential Actions
The past perfect tense is effective in describing actions that happen one after another.
For example, “After he had saved some money, he bought a new bike.” The saving happened first, then the bike purchase followed.
This use helps to set up a sequence of events so the reader knows what happened and in what order.
Past perfect or past simple?
We use the past simple to describe a series of past events in chronological order, and we use the past perfect to make clear that one of the events happened before. Compare these two sentences:
- When I arrived, she left. (=She left after I arrived.)
- When I arrived, she had left. (She left before I arrived.)

Be careful with this common mistake!
The contraction ‘d can be had or would. Remember that we use an infinitive form after would and a past participle after had.
- I‘d love to go to your party. (= would)
- I noticed that he‘d eaten my cake. (= had)
Present Perfect Tense with Superlatives
- Experiences and finished actions – Remember that we do not use a specific time
- Unfinished actions – Things that started in the past, but are not finished
- Batman is the best movie that I have seen.
- Korean beef is the best meat that I have eaten.
- This book is the worst book that I've read.
- She is the nicest teacher I have had.
- The best movie that I have ever is Batman.
- The best meat that I have eaten is Korean beef.
- The worst book that I have read is this book.
- The nicest teacher I've had is her.
- He is the tallest man that I've seen.(=He is the tallest man I've seen.)
- It is the best movie that I have seen recently.
- It is the best movie that I have seen. (whole life)
- It is the best movie that I have seen in my life.
- He the most handsome man that I have ever seen.
- It is the biggest waterfall that I've ever seen.
- The best singer that I have ever seen in concert is Adele.
- It was the most interesting movie I have ever seen.
- It is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.
- What is the best country that you have ever visited?
- What is the worst country that you have been to?
- What is the most beautiful country that you've visited?
- What is the funniest movie that you've ever seen?
- What is the most dangerous thing he has ever done?
- What is the worst injury that she has ever suffered?
- Who is the best boss that you have ever had?
- Is this the worst typhoon that you have ever seen?
- Is this the most snow that you have seen?
- Are these the best cookies that you have ever tried?
Monday, 27 January 2025
Adverbs accompanying verbs in the present perfect
The adverbs yet, already, just, recently, lately, ever and never are commonly used in present perfect sentences to express the regularity or continuity of an action or activity. The action itself is finished but only a short time ago and the effects can still be seen or felt.
In Present Perfect you use the following form:
Subject
+
Auxiliary verb have/has
+
Participle form of the verb
+
Complement
+
adverb
=
Present Perfect!
YET
We use yet in the question and in a negative sentence and it is always at the end of the sentence.
Examples
Have you had dinner yet?
I haven’t spoken to her yet.
Has he got up yet?
ALREADY
We use already in a positive sentence. Already goes directly before the main verb.
Examples
I’ve already done my homework.
I’ve already called her.
She’s already made dinner.
JUST
We use just when something happened a short time ago. Just, like already, goes directly before the main verb.
Examples
I have just eaten.
She’s just found a new job.
We’ve just finished cooking.
LATELY & RECENTLY
We also use the present perfect with the adverbs lately and recently. They generally go at the end of the sentence.
Examples
Have you been to the cinema recently?
I’ve played tennis recently.
I haven’t eaten curry lately.